介词 of 的用法

介词 of 的词源：

古英语中 of 的涵义是 “way, away from”， 源自原始日耳曼语 af (它同时也是古挪威语 af，荷兰语 af “off, down”，德语 ab “off, from, down”的词源)。

在古英语中，of 的主要涵义还是 away, 不过到了中古英语时期，人们开始用 of 来翻译拉丁语中的 de (涵义是“about”),  ex(涵义是“from”)， 特别是用 of 来翻译古法语中的 de(涵义即现代英语中的“of”，表示“属于，所有”), 所以慢慢的 of 用来表示“所有，属于”了。

现代英语中介词 of 的涵义：

1. used as a function word to indicate origin or derivation. （涵义源自 from）
   • 例：a man of noble birth
2. used as a function word to indicate the cause, motive, or reason. （涵义源自 from）
   • 例：died of cancer
3. occurring in 
   • 例：a fish of western Atlantic
4. by 
   • 例：plays of Shakespeare
5. on the part of
   • 例：very kind of you
6. used as a function word to indicate the component material, parts, or elements or the contents.
   • 例：throne of gold
7. used as a function word to indicate the whole that includes the part denoted by the preceding word.
   • 例：most of the people
8. used as a function word to indicate a whole or quantity from which a part is removed or expensed. 
   • 例：gave of his time
9. relating to ABOUT
   • 例：stories of his travels
10. in respect to
    • 例：slow of speech
11. used as a function word to indicate belonging or a possessive relationship
    • 例：president of USA
12. used as a function word to indicate relationship between a result determined by a function or operation and a basic entity (as an independent variable)
    • 例：a function of x
    • 例：the product of 3 x 5
13. used as a function word to indicate something from which a person or thing is delivered
    • 例：eased of her pain
14. used as a function word to indicate something with respect to which someone or something is made destitute.
    • 例：robbed of all their belongings
15. used as a function word to indicate a particular example belonging to the class denoted by the preceding noun
    • 例：the city of Rome
16. used as a function word to indicate apposition
    • 例：that fool of a husband
17. used as a function word to indicate the object of an action denoted or implied by the preceding noun
    • 例：love of nature
18. used as a function word to indicate the application of a verb
    • 例：cheats him of a dollar
    • 例：fond of candy
19. used as a function word to indicate a characteristic or distinctive quality or possession
    • 例：a woman of courage
20. used as a function word to indicate the position in time of an action or occurrence
    • 例：died of a Monday
21. before
    • quarter of ten (9 点 45)
22. sdfasd

• of 用在一些形容词后面
  • afraid of 
  • ashamed of
  • aware of / unaware of
  • capable of
  • skeptical of
  • fond of
  • proud of
  • sure / certain of
  • typical of
  • tired of
  • made of
  • etc.
• of 用在 一些动词后面
  • accuse (sb) of sth
  • advise sb of sth
  • convince sb of sth
  • deprive sb of sth
  • dispose of
  • complain of
  • dream of
  • hear of
  • remind (sb) of someone/something
  • think of
  • speak of
  • etc.
• It is nice (good/kind/generous/silly/stupid/clever/polite etc.) of (sb) to do (sth).
  • It was nice of you to take care of that old man.
  • It was generous of Bill to pay for our lunch.
  • It was silly of Jenny to give up that job.
  • etc.
• of + noun = 和 noun 同根的 adjective
  • It is of importance
  • The book is of great use
  • The book is of value
  • She is of beauty
  • This investigation is of the highest priority for the FBI
  • etc.
• of 用在一些固定词组中
  • in place of
  • instead of
  • because of
  • in defense of
  • in favor of
  • in spite of
  • take care of
  • take control of
  • take advantage of
  • make use of
  • get the hang of
  • get hold of
  • of course
  • of all
  • of all the
  • ahead of
  • regardless of
  • etc.